Anton Chekhovs `Heartache` and William Faulkners `A Rose for Emily`

Throughout his work Faulkner demonstrates this ability to create characters whose loneliness functions both as a dramatic fact and as a psychological theme. In The Sound and the Fury Quentin Compson's personal despair, or sense of irrevocable isolation, is related to his puritan meddling with the lives of others. In As I Lay Dying the individual members of the Bundren family are motivated by secret and lonely desires that are in strong contrast to the apparent solidarity of the family venture.Darl Bundren's madness is the price he pays for a full understanding of human loneliness, of how â€Å"the clotting which is you† struggles to preserve its identity in the relentless flux of time. The moral themes of Light in August are directly related to Joe Christmas's puritan loneliness. But his loneliness is only a product of his desperate search for moral absolution. Human isolation is implicitly identified in such novels with the search for selfhood in a dynamic and time-ridden wor ld.An individual's sense of isolation is never a quality imposed upon him by circumstances; it is rooted in human nature, and circumstances only bring to light its destructive consequences. Loneliness has its particular origin at the heart of puritan self-consciousness, when man tries to create a bulwark of morality and reason against the fear that nothing in this world really matters. Only Faulkner's nonrational characters are free of the destructive fluctuation between moral pride and amoral despair.His primitive characters are never lonely; they never see themselves as isolated human agents. Faulkner's success in portraying human loneliness lies in the fact that only individuals can be lonely — and the characters of his early novels are always individuals. But in Faulkner's later novels a character's sense of isolation is treated primarily as an abstract or universal theme. The opposition between man and his social world becomes a question of philosophy and not of dramatic organization.Atmosphere is defined in the Dictionary of World Literature as â€Å"The particular world in which the events of a story or a play occur: time, place, conditions, and the attendant mood. † When, as in â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† the world depicted is a confusion between the past and the present, the atmosphere is one of distortion–of unreality. This unreal world results from the suspension of a natural time order. Normality consists in a decorous progression of the human being from birth, through youth, to age and finally death. Preciosity in children is as monstrous as idiocy in the adult, because both are unnatural.Monstrosity, however, is a sentimental subject for fiction unless it is the result of human action–the result of a willful attempt to circumvent time. When such circumvention produces acts of violence, as in â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† the atmosphere becomes one of horror. Horror, however, represents only the extreme form of ma ladjusted nature. It is not produced in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† until the final act of violence has been disclosed. All that has gone before has prepared us by producing a general tone of mystery, foreboding, decay, etc. so that we may say the entire series of events that have gone before are â€Å"in key†Ã¢â‚¬â€œthat is, they are depicted in a mood in which the final violence does not appear too shocking or horrible.We are inclined to say, â€Å"In such an atmosphere, anything may happen. † Foreshadowing is often accomplished through atmosphere, and in this case the atmosphere prepares us for Emily's unnatural act at the end of the story. Emily is portrayed as â€Å"a fallen monument,† a monument for reasons which we shall examine later, fallen because she has shown herself susceptible to death (and decay) after all.In the mention of death, we are conditioned (as the psychologist says) for the more specific concern with it later on. The second paragraph depicts the essential ugliness of the contrast: the description of Miss Emily's house â€Å"lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps–an eyesore among eyesores. † (A juxtaposition of past and present. ) We recognize this scene as an emblematic presentation of Miss Emily herself, suggested as it is through the words â€Å"stubborn and coquettish. The tone–and the contrast–is preserved in a description of the note which Miss Emily sent to the mayor, â€Å"a note on paper of an archaic shape, in a thin, flowing calligraphy in faded ink,† and in the description of the interior of the house when the deputation from the Board of Aldermen visit her: â€Å"They were admitted by the old Negro into a dim hall from which a stairway mounted into still more shadow. It smelled of dust and disuse–a close, dank smell. † In the next paragraph a description of Emily discloses her similarity to the house: â€Å"She looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue.Emily had not always looked like this. When she was young and part of the world with which she was contemporary, she was, we are told, â€Å"a slender figure in white,† as contrasted with her father, who is described as â€Å"a spraddled silhouette. † In the picture of Emily and her father together, framed by the door, she frail and apparently hungering to participate in the life of her time, we have a reversal of the contrast which has already been presented and which is to be developed later.Even after her father's death, Emily is not monstrous, but rather looked like a girl â€Å"with a vague resemblance to those angels in colored church windows–sort of tragic and serene. † The suggestion is that she had already begun her entrance into that nether-world (a world which is depicted later as â€Å"rose-tinted†), but that she might even yet have been sa ved, had Homer Barron been another kind of man. Just as Emily refused to acknowledge the death of her father, she now refuses to recognize the death of Colonel Sartoris. He had given his word, and according to the traditional view, â€Å"his word† knew no death.It is the Past pitted against the Present –the Past with its social decorum, the Present with everything set down in â€Å"the books. † Emily dwells in the Past, always a world of unreality to us of the Present. Here are the facts which set the tone of the story and which create the atmosphere of unreality which surrounds it. It is important, too, to realize that during the period of Emily's courtship, the town became Emily's allies in a contest between Emily and her Grierson cousins, â€Å"because the two female cousins were even more Grierson than Miss Emily had ever been. The cousins were protecting the general proprieties against which the town (and the times) was in gradual rebellion. Just as each s ucceeding generation rebels against its elders, so the town took sides with Emily against her relations. Had Homer Barron been the proper kind of man, it is implied, Miss Emily might have escaped both horns of the dilemma (her cousins' traditionalism and Homer's immorality) and become an accepted and respected member of the community.The town's attitude toward the Grierson cousins represents the usual ambiguous attitude of man toward the past: a mixture of veneration and rebelliousness. The unfaithfulness of Homer represents the final act in the drama of Emily's struggle to escape from the past. From the moment that she realizes that he will desert her, tradition becomes magnified out of all proportion to life and death, and she conducts herself as though Homer really had been faithful–as though this view represented reality.Miss Emily's position in regard to the specific problem of time is suggested in the scene where the old soldiers appear at her funeral. There are, we are told, two views of time: (1) the world of the present, viewing time as a mechanical progression in which the past is a diminishing road, never to be encountered again; (2) the world of tradition, viewing the past as a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from (us) now by the narrow bottleneck of the most recent decade of years. The first is the view of Homer Barron and the modern generation in Jefferson.The second is the view of the older members of the Board of Aldermen and of the confederate soldiers. Emily holds the second view, except that for her there is no bottleneck dividing her from the meadow of the past. Emily's small room above stairs has become that timeless meadow. In it, the living Emily and the dead Homer have remained together as though not even death could separate them. It is the monstrousness of this view which creates the final atmosphere of horror, and the scene is intensified by the portrayal of the unchanged objects which have surrounded H omer in life.Here he lay in the roseate atmosphere of Emily's death-in-life: â€Å"What was left of him, rotted beneath what was left of the nightshirt, had become inextricable from the bed in which he lay; and upon him and upon the pillow beside him lay that even coating of the patient and biding dust. † The symbols of Homer's life of action have become mute and silent. Contrariwise, Emily's world, though it had been inviolate while she was alive, has been invaded after her death–the whole gruesome and unlovely tale unfolded.In the first place, she has been frustrated by her father, prevented from participating in the life of her contemporaries. When she attempts to achieve freedom, she is betrayed by a man who represents the new morality, threatened by disclosure and humiliation. Loneliness is associated rhetorically with abstract humanity. Simultaneously it becomes a cause less for despair than for transcendental affirmation, a theme related in A Fable to the Marsha l's faith in irrevocable human evil.The loneliest experience of all, the reader is told in this novel, is just breathing. But in its identification with the human condition, the concept of loneliness loses all personal meaning. Only by declining to state such identifications can the novelist successfully establish them. In his best work Faulkner demonstrates that loneliness is a particular, never a universal state of mind. Loneliness is not an abstract concept of human experience but the world in which each individual must live.Chekhov in his story, â€Å"Heartache,† dealt with being old and alone in the city. In â€Å"Heartache,† an old cabby lamented the fact that his son had died before him. He was then alone with no one to take care of him and with no one to learn from him. He was completely alone, abused by people, with no one to help him bear his grief. He earned enough to feed his horse and not much else. He slept on a bench in a large room with the other cabbie s. One wonders how long he would last with hunger, cold, and loneliness on his old, tired heels. (Williames 132)

Explain why dreams and plans are so important in ‘Of Mice and Men’ Essay

George and Lennie are examples of ‘migrant’ or ‘itinerant’ farm workers who fuelled and made possible the intensive farming economy. These men would travel great distances, however they could, often by foot, or by the empty boxcars that were later used to carry the grain they helped to farm. They would receive $2.50 – $3.00 a day, plus board, which meant food and a room. The food would be very basic, the room sometimes not more than a small tent shared with many other workers. Conditions did improve for migrant farm workers at the start of the First World War, because of the industrial action in the USA at that time forced an increase in wages and therefore an increase in the price of grain. But at the time John Steinbeck wrote ‘Of Mice and Men’, advances in technology were rendering many of the farm workers obsolete, because of the improvements in industry and machinery. Before machinery came onto the farm, the mule driver was at the top of the social tree on the ranch, because of his high skills. Slim was this figure in ‘Of Mice and Men’, and he probably commanded a high wage compared to the other ranch workers. The key dream throughout ‘Of Mice and Men’ is the dream that George and Lennie gradually show us. This was the dream of most workers in all of the USA, and George, Lennie, Candy, and all the other workers on the farm all have the same dream, to own a smallholding or a small farm. Such an acquisition would mean that they would be their own boss, and make a basic but good living from their own work, instead of having nothing to show for a lifetime of hard work. America was first populated by people who came from nearly every country of the world, believing that they could escape and find their dreams in the new country where they believed there was no persecution or hatred. Others saw it as an escape from hard poverty or starvation. The American dream was focused on the fact that it represented a dream of wealth and success, and allowed men and women to have a fresh start in another country that they could build themselves. This dream survived until the late 1920’s, when the Wall Street Crash caused the Great Depression to start, and people learned that there was no more land to be bought and farmed. All the intensive farming over the years had caused the ‘dustbowl’, and many people who had borrowed money to build the farms in the dustbowl, could not now repay the money, because of the wasted land, with no farming value. The dream that George and Lennie had was becoming history. The dream of their freedom and independence was doomed right from the start of the novel. When Lennie is being pursued at the end of the book, George recites the dream to Lennie, before he shoots him. Lennie dies at George’s hands, and the dream is just as doomed as Lennie. Lennie, George, Candy and temporarily Crooks all are shown to have the dream of a small farm. It is the dream that was shared by hundreds of ranch hands at the time. The title for the book ‘Of Mice and Men’ by John Steinbeck was taken from the poem by the Scottish poet, Robert Burns. In the poem, Burns writes; The best laid schemes o’ mice and men Gang aft agley And leave us nought but grief and pain For promised joy! ‘Gang aft agley’ means that things ‘often go wrong’ George and Lennie’s dream of owning a small farm does go wrong in the end, even though it looked at one point as if it might work, when Candy joins the idea, and puts forward all his savings. But it just leaves pain and grief instead of joy. What Burns and Steinbeck are both saying is that we can lay our plans carefully, but something will always go wrong. This doesn’t mean that we should stop dreaming, and laying our plans, even though the likelihood of them succeeding is small, we still need those dreams and plans to keep us working and to keep us trying to be better, do better, earn better and have a better quality of living. The idea of mice is also a potent one, because even though Lennie is very large, he is still moved by something even bigger and stronger, in the shape of fate and destiny. Lennie is controlled by George in the same way, even though George is far smaller than Lennie is. The idea of mice is also potent because of the burrowing that mice do to make their nests, only to leave them later, not to return. The same is true for all migrant workers, constantly working to get their own farm, only to have their dreams shattered. They also move on to other places all the time, leaving their ‘burrows’ to move on. This is particularly true with George and Lennie, because of Lennie’s actions throughout the book. The dream is never realised, but much good has come from the dreaming. Each of the characters has their own personal dreams: * George has the dream of owning the farm, and therefore is much more responsible with his money. He shows this in the novel when he is appalled when Lennie drinks ‘scummy’ water at the start of the novel, and does not like the thought that there may be lice in his mattress from the previous inhabitant. But sometimes you also think that he temporarily hates Lennie for the burden caused, and that he wishes that he could be alone to be less responsible for someone who thinks like a child, being an adult. George says,’ God a’ mighty, if I was alone I could live so easy.’ when he is in one of his rages with Lennie. He also seems to think badly of some people and he wishes to hurt them to stop them hurting Lennie, for example, Curley, when he says to Lennie to ‘get’ Curley, and you almost sense joy in his voice. * Lennie is a strange character when it comes to dreams, because the dream of owning a small farm is all that he really remembers. But he also wants to please George very badly, because George is his companion and friend. George describes at one point that he used to tell Lennie to do really stupid things, and then he was forced to realise that Lennie would do anything he said, and could be hurt or killed by his actions. Lennie is also a very clever character, because he plays with George’s conscience, shown by the incident of the mouse being taken by George at the start of the book, first showing Lennie as a simpleton. * Candy dreams of having back his right hand, and being able to have a better job. He is chained to this ranch, because he would not get a job anywhere else. He has lost all control of his life to other people, stronger, younger people, all highlighted by the incident with Candy’s Dog. He dreams of a small farm, and when he hears that George and Lennie are trying for it, he joins them, and tells them that he will give all his life’s savings to have his own land for the rest of his life, and then lose it at the end, but still to have had something to show for all the years of work. * Crooks dreams of freedom. He is a black man, in a white land, where the black people are treated as slaves. The hierarchy is shown in the incident with Curley’s wife, when she says,’ You know what I can do to you if you open your trap?’ He is also crippled, which means that he is even lower in the social hierarchy. But on the ranch, he is seen as a ‘Nice fella’ by Candy, and he is not really looked down upon by most of the characters. On the ranch he is given his own room, be it small and smelly, and he is given respect. He is very intelligent, but he has never had any opportunity to do well in his life. It is in him that we first see that the dream is impossible to really achieve. * Curley’s Wife is seen upon as dangerous by the other ranch workers because she is married to the son of the Boss, and is also married to Curley, who takes every opportunity to have a fight. Curley’s wife is very flirtatious, and has dreamed for many years of being a singer and actress, but never made it. She married the first man who came along and chose badly, and is not really treated as a person by Curley. He is very sexually orientated, as is revealed by the glove of Vaseline he wears, to keep his hands smooth. But had fate dealt her a different hand, and had she married a man who treated her as a person, she would have been a good and loving wife. She is shied away from by all the other ranch hands, but Lennie is too innocent to recognise the danger. All the characters have dreams of their own, as all people do, but in the novel, these are revealed to us. All the dreams of all the people shape the whole book, causing it to become a real story of the ranches, not just a story of a mad man and his clever friend.

Communicating Effectively in Cross Cultural Communications Speech or Presentation

Communicating Effectively in Cross Cultural Communications - Speech or Presentation Example 2. Perceptions of effective communication differ among individuals with different cultural backgrounds. Tominaga et al. (2003) investigated perceptions of effective communication in the United States and Japan. Their qualitative research found differing themes for the perception of effectiveness in the United States and Japan. Conclusion In general, researchers accept and utilize the notion that competence involves dimensions of effectiveness and appropriateness such as interpersonal skills, knowledge and motivation. However, several Japanese researchers point out that there is a Western bias in competence research. Their research found differing themes for the perception of effectiveness in the United States and Japan Communicating Effectively in Cross Cultural Communications Introduction Effectiveness in communication is considered as an important component of communication competence (e.g., Gudykunst, 1993). Competent communicators make use of interpersonal skills, knowledge and m otivation. However, individuals' cultural backgrounds influence the ways they communicate and their perceptions of competence (Gudykunst, 1993). Perceptions of effective communication also differ among individuals with different cultural backgrounds. ... ssfully accomplish his [or her] own interpersonal goals†¦ while maintaining the face and line of his [or her] fellow interactants within the constraints of the situation" (p. 198). He (1977) proposes two underlying assumptions of competence: cognition and judgment. Each individual possesses cognitive notions about the nature of competence, and it is these cognitive notions that shape impressions of others' behavior (Wiemann, 1977). Moreover, these impressions become a basis for judgment of others and the individuals themselves. In other words, whether an individual is a competent communicator is based on his or her cognition of competence. Spitzberg and Cupach (2002) suggest that competent communicators provide definitions of competent communication. Competent communicators make use of interpersonal skills, knowledge and motivation. Interpersonal skills refer to recurrent goal-oriented behaviors, behavioral patterns, and sequences of behavior that are appropriate to an interacti onal context. There are two types of knowledge: content knowledge and procedural knowledge (Spitzberg & Cupach, 2002). Content knowledge refers to information about relational partners, topics of conversation, social contexts, regulation of language, and regulation of conversation (Spitzberg & Cupach, 2002). Procedural knowledge refers to information on processes of an interaction, such as how to formulate goals and how to solve problems during an interaction. Motivation is defined as "the affective force that energizes performance and guides a person's approach avoidance orientation to a social situation" (Spitzberg & Cupach, 2002, p. 575). Interpersonal skills, knowledge and motivation play an important role in that these three concepts contribute to developing competent communication

Crosscultural Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Crosscultural Studies - Essay Example This is a healthy practice since it has led to blending of cultures which has enabled effective understanding of each other. However, since September 11 attacks in the United States and the terrorist attacks that followed in the United Kingdom, teachers and students of Arabic origin are facing a different kind of life in these institutions. According to Al-Djazari (2005), there has been a lot of reported discrimination in schools against people of Arabic origin in these schools. It is with the understanding that culture integrates people together through cultural exchanges that we are left to wonder what is causing this purported discriminate. Many people of Arabic origin are mainly Muslims. According to Ghulan Sarwar (2007), Muslims form the largest religious minority in the UK and are confronted by problems of development, maintenance and adherence to their faith. The influence of western culture is eroding the adherent to Islam culture by the young Muslims students and teachers in learning institutions According to Lewis Phillip (1994), the issue of discrimination of teachers and students in the institutions of learning is a serious issues. This is with the understanding that, learning institutions are the centre for cultural exchanges in any country. Learning institutions are the leading centres of cultural research with enable integration of culture. If culture integration is hampered at the learning centre, it is very much likely that it will spread to other spheres of life. It is of vital importance to investigate teachers and students because they are mostly the ambassadors of cultural exchanges in many countries. Most people will travel to work and learn and it is through education and work that people integrate. Purpose of the study The study aimed at investigating the cross-cultural issues that affects Muslim teachers and students in United Kingdom schools. It aimed at exploring how Arabic teachers and students interact with other workers and students in these schools. It also sought to look into the issue that affects their participation in these institutions and their life in general. It looked to investigate the extent to which cultural integration affects relationship of the entire community. Objective of the study a) To investigate the importances of cultural mix up in learning institutions in the United Kingdom. b) To investigate current issues affecting Arabic teachers and students in institutions of learning in the United Kingdom c) To investigate the extent of discrimination in education institutions in United Kingdom Research questions a) Which is importance of cultural mix in learning institutions in the United Kingdom b) Can Arabic students and teachers adapt foreign cultures c) Has Arabic culture created any impact on cultural change of others in the learning institution d) Do Arabic students and teachers face difficulty studying in English language e) Are teachers and students from Arabic world are discriminated on ground of their cultural practices and religion f) Which are the other current and most pressing issues that are affecting teachers and students of Arabic origin sin learning institutions in United Kingdom METHODOLOGY Research group and sample size The research group under study was mainly teachers and student in major learning institut

PH Determination of Solutions Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PH Determination of Solutions - Lab Report Example The pH of the solution in each test tube was then measured using a pH meter and the value was recorded. Thereafter, two to three drops of the universal indicator were added to the solution in each test tube and the resultant color was noted and read against the matching color and pH on the universal indicator chart. A similar procedure was repeated for the basic solutions in four different test tubes labeled 10, 11, 13, and 14. The colors of the solutions and the resultant pH using the pH meter as well as the universal indicator were recorded and comparisons were made. In comparing the pH of various acidic and basic solutions using a pH meter and universal indicator, the color, pH of universal indicator and pH from the ph meter was recorded for each solution. Table 1 below summarizes the observed results for the acidic solutions. It was observed that the pH obtained from the pH chart varied from the pH obtained from the pH meter in most of the solutions. The variations were small in some of the solutions such as1, 3 and 13. On the other hand, the variations in pH were significant in solutions such as 4, 7, 10 and 11. The pH meter value was the same as the universal chart pH in solution 14. The variations in the pH values can be attributed to the challenges in color interpretation when using the pH chart. Some of the resultant colors of solutions did not exactly match the color of the pH chart leading to the discrepancies in the pH values as the closest color was taken. The slight variations in the pH chart values and pH meter values can be attributed to the sensitivity of the pH meter that allows it to quantify small changes in pH between 0.1 and 0.9. The pH chart, conversely, does not allow for the determination of pH values smaller than one

Why People Should Pay for Plastic Bags Research Paper

Why People Should Pay for Plastic Bags - Research Paper Example This essay stresses that a number of countries all over the world has already banned the use of plastic bags or provided that people should pay for them in stores. Among these countries are Australia, the United Kingdom, China, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Denmark, India, Israel, Malaysia, Hong Kong and others. In the United States, it is only cities and counties that outlawed the use of plastic bags. In September 2014, California imposed a ban on plastic bags. It is difficult to predict the outcomes of a plastic bag tax in the United States. However, the experience of other countries that implemented this tax or even banned the use of plastic bags is promising. For example, Ireland introduced a plastic bag tax in 2002, and since that year, the amount of plastic bag litter in the country gas reduced by ninety-five percent. In 2008, China introduced a total ban on ultra-thin plastic bags and a tax on plastic bags, and since that year, the use of plastic bags in the country has reduced, wh ich means that the amount of plastic bags litter has also decreased. This paper makes a conclusion that the modern state of the environment as well as the threats imposed by plastic bags on it and on public health suggest that the use of plastic bags should be limited, and one of the ways to decrease the use is to make people pay for plastic bags in stores. Experience of a range of countries in the world and cities and counties in the United States shows that a plastic bag fee really works and helps improve the situation with environmental pollution.

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 56

Journal - Essay Example I lived with friends, so the rent I was paying was quite a bargain. I was driven and started looking for work immediately. After two months of desperate searching I landed in a travel agency as a sales consultant. The job was an hour and a half away by public transport and I had to change 2 trains and a bus in order to get there. I started at 10 and finished at 7 with an hour lunch break. I was waking up 7.30, getting dressed out of the door by 8, to ensure that I was there at least 10 minutes before my shift and had enough time to buy breakfast before work. I never finished at 7 pm. Sometimes I had to stay until 8, so until I got home it was a good 9.30 pm. I was also required to work on Saturdays 3 times a month. I managed to stay at this job for 2 months. I couldnt handle the 3 hours travelling any longer, the low salary and 6 days work commitment. This was one of the most demanding and exhausting jobs I ever had. An anecdotal experience was when a customer called while I was still working for the travel agency asking to book a holiday to Luxor. We were talking for about 45 minutes about pyramids, night life, pools and kids activities. I was just confirming the flights to Las Vegas, when the customer interrupted me very bewildered. It turned out that, he wanted to go to Luxor in Egypt and I was talking about the hotel Luxor in Las Vegas. Funnily, the customer recommended me to his brother and in few days he called to book Las Vegas – hotel Luxor. I was working at a very busy and hectic call centre. There were always new employees coming and leaving. It was difficult to handle 3 different work shits covering 24 hours. One day, a couple came along and the manager introduced them to the floor. They will be starting work in few days. They used to work for the call centre few years ago, but moved to another town and now they decided to come back. The conflict arose when the couple informed the manager that they preferred to sit together. There werent any

Jesus Christ as viewed by the Muslims, Christians and the Jews Essay

Jesus Christ as viewed by the Muslims, Christians and the Jews - Essay Example Christianity, Islam and Judaism are three types of religions in which Jesus plays a different role as perceived by the believers. All the three religions know Jesus very well but they have a very different way of referring to Him. Likewise, the role that Jesus portrays in each of the religion is very much different, although all such roles are important. Let us view the theme how each religion views Jesus Christ according to their religious beliefs. Christianity, Islam, and Judaism are three types of religions in which Jesus plays a different role as perceived by the believers. All the three religions know Jesus very well but they have a very different way of referring to Him. Likewise, the role that Jesus portrays in each of the religion is very much different, although all such roles are important. Let us view the theme how each religion views Jesus Christ according to their religious beliefs.

How much data should companies have Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How much data should companies have - Essay Example The essay "How much data should companies have?" talks about the data that is needed in business organizations. The paper also analyses what type of data is more useful and if the size of stored data is something you should worry about. Most of the internal data of a business organization is credible in that it has been derived from the past experiences in running and managing various business activities. Therefore the data is credible. This data irrespective of the volume and imperfections that may be present is a valuable asset from the perspective of the insights it can provide in the running and managing of several business activities. The imperfections do not matter much as in business intelligence applications the focus is on reading patterns and signs in the available data, and so the data does not have to be precise as may be required in the case of accounting or auditing. Let us take the case of insurance companies. Several years of data with regards to policies, claims, premium bill payments, agent/producer sales, and so on are available with the insurance company. This may be considered as too much data by some companies. Yet, irrespective of the volume of the data, intelligent use of the data will help the company to be better at precision pricing, customer retention, claims fraud detection, product cross-selling and similar activities to overcome competition and prosper in a competitive environment. Therefore, it is not too much data that is need be the worry of the organization.

Extracurricular Activities in School Essay Example for Free

Extracurricular Activities in School Essay An ideal school gives to students the scope and the spirit of healthy competition — to excel at all levels. Class work and the home work given by teachers have their academic importance; in this also one who excels wins the praise and appreciation from the teachers. But academic distinctions alone do not fulfill all the purpose for which the school exists. A school is the workshop of life-building in which the raw material is the nascent young pupils. The Principal, the teachers are molders of this raw material into the ideal mold. For this process, many more activities, other than vroom ones are needed to fulfill the purpose. A young pupil might have the potential and the natural Lent to excel in games and sports and he needs to go to play field and the sports ground for the purpose. There can be students whose natural bent of mind is towards creative art and the art room is his field where he needs to be given the chance to exhibit his potential. Even little children of the nursery or the primary classes can draw such lines and make such figures which may amaze an on-looker and may be led to exclaim —’What an idea, how could he imagine this?’ One cannot and does not know how much talent in what direction lies in a child’s brain. This can only come out when he or she is given that opportunity. The school has to provide such chances and explore out the pearls from the sea-depths of the young mind. Art competitions of different level of students are activities that need to be arranged and the excellence in that to be rewarded and encouraged. There are boys and girls who have a knack of oration. They have in them an amount of self-confidence that they can face spectators and audience. Elocution contests and debates offer them the chance to exhibit this latent talent of theirs. Such inter-class or inter-school competitions should regularly be held which would further them to become good debaters — who knows, they may one day become parliamentarians and what they have gained during their school days may place them in good stead in that field. Cultural shows; dramatics performances, mono- acting’s are events which schools generally hold and it so necessary for schools to hold them. That is also at of total education. Taking part in such events gives children a sense of self-confidence and embellishes their accomplishments which they possess or can even develop. Anything, any activity which helps in the development of the total personality of young boy or girl is a part of  education and competitions, the effort to excel from others, is an incentive which must be provided to a young mind. Such an opportunity is offered to them only through such cultural and extra-curricular activities Opening up of personality; developing the latent talents- promotion of the intellectual effort and an opportunity of healthy competition — all these are factors which an educational institution should always encourage — only when it does this, it fulfills its role in the total education of the young.

Influence of Cinema on Youths today

Influence of Cinema on Youths today Nowadays, movies in some ways affect people lifestyles especially teenagers. Movies are popular among teenagers. Most of the teenagers are influence by the movies and addicted to some illegal activities. This is one of the major problem faces by our country because of the teenagers behavior. Movies are one of the most entertainments in today world. So that, a question given to me to conduct a survey among movie goers to find out their views on the influence of the cinema on youths today. 2.0 Small introduce about movie Watching movies increase rapidly. Most of the people addicted to watch movie in cinema, especially teenagers. There are so many advantages and disadvantages about watching movies. The productions spend billions of money to produce and direct a new movie. 2.1.1 Influence of Cinema on Youths today Movie is well-known among teenagers. Movie affects teenagers in different kind of ways. One of the reasons for the popularity of the movie is that it entertains all types or people, young and old, literate and illiterate. Most of the teenagers watching movies are for relaxations. Sometimes, they feel stress, so that teenagers spending their time in watching movies in cinema. First, movie influence youth negatively and positively. This is because; teenagers will imitate their favourite actor and actress to follow exactly their styles such as, dressing styles, hair style, character of the actor or actress act in the movie, language and so on. Movies affect teenagers in their attitude. Teenagers watch too much movies and its influence their attitude change. They might admire the character, their thoughts, or ideas. They decide to do the same as them. Does movie contain any moral? For this question, most of the people answer is neutral. This is because; some of the movie contains moral value, but some movie does not contain moral value. Most of the movie is about love stories. Love stories make the teenagers mind change and they will follow exactly what the actor or actress act in the movie. Watching movie in cinema affect interacting with family? Most of the people strongly agree for this question. This is because, if teenagers addicted to watching movie in theater, they will forget to back home. Most of time, they will be at Cinema, so that it will affect the beautiful relationship between parents and children. It also will affect teenagers to influence in bad habits. Besides, cinema influence in youths culture? Most of the people agree for this question. This is because, teenagers watch movie and follow others such as foreign culture. They forget about their own culture and the important of the culture. Teenagers will follow exactly foreign culture such as, wear ring at eyebrow, tongue, mouth and so on. They thought its beautiful and stylish but actually its really dangerous for health. If we didnt take care well, we will get serious sick such as mouth cancer and sometimes will cause death. Teenagers have to be careful and should not follow others even though it is attractive. Besides, violence in the movie affects teenagers minds? Based on my survey, some agree and some of them answer is neutral. Violence in the movie affects teenagers to do the same. This is because, usually in movie, they will do illegal activities such as smuggling, robbery, drinking, smoking, taking drugs and so on. In a movie, they act but it looks exactly real. So that teenagers get interest and involve in negative activities such as I mention before. Finally, watching movies is simply for the pleasure. Teenagers can watch movie but do not follow or imitate exactly what happen in the movie. Be smart in watching movies, take the good things and throw away bad things. 2.1.2 Conclusion For the question 1, I prepare a questionnaire and distribute to people according to age and ask their opinion that does movie influence on today youths. Based on my survey, most of the people agree that movie influence on youths today. Questionnaire is a list of a research or survey questions asked to respondents. Questionnaire is easy to design and distribute to people. Watching movie is just for entertainment so that, teenagers can watch movie but do not exactly imitate the character. 3.0 Introduction to question 2 Should teaching Mathematics and Science in English? Teaching Science and Mathematics in English help students to increase their extra knowledge. Learning in Science and Mathematics in English can prepare us to face challenges in this globalization era. I had been given a question; write a letter to Prime Minister to convince him support my stand on Teaching Science and Mathematics in English. So that, in my letter I write: 1. Advantages of teaching Mathematics and Science in English 2. The standard of education level increase 3. My personal conclusion teaching Mathematics and Science in English give benefits 3.1 Teaching of Science and Mathematics in English (write letter to Prime Minister) Dear Sir, Teaching Mathematics and Science in English Mathematics and Science are core subject which in every country including Malaysia. As concern youth of the loving nation, pertaining to the above subject, I would love and agree Mathematics and Science to be taught in English language. 2. English as an international language would have greater impact on our student to master English language as well if both subjects taught in English. This will not jeopardize our National Language since other subjects like Moral, Sejarah and Bahasa Malaysia still being taught in our National language. In class, teachers still can explain the mathematic theory or science mechanism in Malay even though English is the medium for the subject in order to enhance students understanding in both languages. 3. The standard of our education level in increase on par with international syllabus, once they have pursued their further studies at overseas. Concepts taught at Malaysian School level are still applicable for their higher studies. English language has been used as communication medium in every conference regarding Mathematics and Science at international level. So the participation of our own Malaysian students at international level is seen as good platform if we do continue our Mathematics and Science in English. 4. Furthermore, we will have most of our students are well verse in English language and the steps taken to master English by our own government will be successful. Our Nation will be sought after by many Multinational Companies (MNC) to employ Malaysian citizens and invest in Malaysia which will help the growth to Malaysian economics. This will also help Malaysians earning per capita to increase and eradicate poverty. 5. Last but not least, teaching Mathematics and Science in English will get more benefits. We will able to preserve our National language and master language as well. Thank you Sincerely ____________ 3.1.1 Conclusion As a conclusion, teaching science and mathematics in English will give more benefits. The purpose of teaching Science and Mathematics in English is to enable students to acquire proficiency in English while learning the content. The main purpose of study Science and mathematics in English is to improve the English language. Other than that, we have to use English in the education system, so that our English language, grammar will become more professional. 4.0 Conclusion and recommendations Finally, I had been done my entire question successfully. While doing this assignment, I gain much extra knowledge and learn many things. For the first question, I had done my survey. Through the survey, I learn a lot about people opinion towards my question. Questionnaire is really a simple way to distribute to people and ask about their opinion. APPENDIX PRINT SCREEN

Brave New World :: essays research papers

Brave New World Final 1.) The Savage Reservation is similar to the Utopia world in several ways. They both have drugs that are designed to calm people down. Soma, used in the Utopia and mescal used in the Reservation. They both also have a separation within their own society. The Utopia has social castes and the reservation has separation between the men and women, the men having more power. The two worlds also both have ceremonies. The Utopia has the orgy porgy ceremony in which everyone gathers around and has an orgy, hence the name. The Savage Reservation has traditional dancing ceremonies like the many traditional Indian tribes have today. The two cultures have many similar ideas, just expressed a little differently. These two societies also have many different customs, ways, and styles of living. The Brave New World is clean, sanitary, and organized. Where as in the reservation there’s garbage every where, its dusty, and full of dogs and flies, the complete opposite. In the Utopia people aren’t born anymore, they are grown. Another difference between the two worlds is in the Reservation people are still born the “old fashion way.'; In the Brave New World everyone is young and pretty their whole lives thanks to chemicals and conditioning. It’s the complete opposite in the savage reservation. As seen by the old man, it’s shown that people in the Reservation age normally, loose their teeth, and get wrinkles. The reservation represents more of an old, more class time period whereas the Utopia is perhaps not to distant future gone wrong. In both societies, both of them still are imperfect but in completely different ways. 2.) When Linda was on the reservation she didn’t seem to cope with it very well. She got fat, became an alcoholic, and was just a big mess. She hated how dirty the reservation was and how there was no easily accessible hot water so she could clean things. She hated the beastly clothes she had to wear instead of her old darling clothes. Linda also didn’t like the fact that she has to mend her clothes instead of just throwing them away when they got worn and then simply just buying new clothes. She missed the soma because only mescal is available to her now, gives her a hangover which she disliked. She hated how she got pregnant with John because she was taken away from everything she loved.

The Downgrading Demise of Love :: English Literature

The Downgrading Demise of Love â€Å"North Richmond Street, being blind, was a quiet street.† (198). Ignorance is a harmful state of mind, which gives a false sense of happiness to those consumed by it. Ignorance does not allow one to mature by experience of actual events. It shelters one’s perception of actual events by giving illusions of hope. It allows the imagination to instill more meaning into an incident, where there is none. In â€Å"Araby,† James Joyce illustrates how the boy overcomes his oblivious state through irony, epiphany, and symbolism. An obvious example found in the story is the immense amount of irony used throughout â€Å"Araby.† The boy has the idea that love is always perfect and the love he holds for Mangan’s sister is perfect. In the real world, however, he has an aunt and uncle that show what love really is like. When his uncle arrives home late to take him to the bazarre, his aunt begins to argue and demand that he give the boy some money to go to the bazarre (989). The boy completely ignores this glimpse at real life. The boy realizes how life is not perfect and that love is full of compromises. He begins his trip to the bazarre and is excited on the train to arrive at this electrifying event. His idea of the bazarre is that it will be a wonderful place that will make Mangan’s sister fall in love with him. However, when he arrives, he witnesses a dark, dismal place with a grim surrounding (990). Through all the irony in his life, he realizes that he is that opposite of what he is trying to be. Perhaps one of the greatest credentials, which illustrate how the boy is oblivious to the world, is that he realizes his ignorance. All throughout the story, there are innuendoes that he is â€Å"missing something.† Some of these hints range from the symbolic blind houses to his own mental absence at the gathering before he finally gets to go to the fair. His proceeding into the dark, half-closed fair, rather than face the truth that he missed it initially, shows he simply â€Å"does not get it.† Then, however, his realization occurs. In a moment of epiphany, the boy is enlightened to how he has missed even the most obvious fact. On his determination to have his life, as he wants it, he does not realize until the epiphany that Mangan’s sister never likes him. The boy becomes conscious to the fact that he has missed his opportunity from the start. The boy sees for himself that he has

Free Handmaids Tale Essays: Life and Times of Margaret Atwood :: Handmaids Tale Essays

The Life and Times of Margaret Atwood Three Sources Cited Atwood was born in Ottawa, Ontario, on November 18, 1939. She lived in a cabin in the Canadian wilderness for most of her childhood (her father was a forest entomologist), and that is where she gained her love for books and reading - probably from boredom. She also took up writing during this time, at the age of six (Margaret Atwood). Sshe came to want ot be a writer her senior year in high school when she says, "all of a sudden a big thumb came out of the sky and touched my head and a poem was formed." Who would have thought that the young girl who lived in the woods would grow to become a prominent female writer and poet? Atwood went on to attend Victoria College at the University of Toronto. She received a bachelor's degree there in 1961 and went on to receive her Master's from Radcliffe College in Cambridge, Mass. In addition, she attended Harvard University in 1962 - 63 and 1965 - 67 (Information Page). When she made the decision to be a writer she said s he wanted to "lead a double life. (Margaret Atwood). This double life would include going "places I haven't been; to examine life on earth; to come to know people in ways, and at depths, that are otherwise impossible; to be surprised...to give back something of what [I have] received," said Atwood (Margaret Atwood). She certainly achieved this goal of a double life. Atwood managed to live many places around the world in order to "examine life on earth." Here is a time line of the places she lived during certain years of her life. 1939 - 1945: Ottawa 1945: Sault Ste. Marie 1946 - 1961: Toronto 1961 - 1963: Boston 1963 - 1964: Toronto 1964 - 1965: Vancouver 1965 - 1967: Boston 1967 - 1968: Montreal 1968 - 1970: Edmonton 1970 - 1971: England (London), France, Italy 1971 - 1972: Toronto 1973 - 1980: Alliston, Ontario 1980 - 1983: Toronto 1983 - 1984: England, Germany 1985: Alabama 1986 - 1991: Toronto 1992: France 1992 - Present: Toronto As is evident, she liked to move around a lot and to see different people and different things (Information Page). Although Atwood would have preferred to stay home and write all day she did have a number of jobs over the years.

One to Many Communication Essay

What is wi fi ? Wi-Fi is the name of a popular wireless networking technology that uses radio waves to provide wireless high-speed internet and network connections. A common misconception is that the term Wi-Fi is short for â€Å"wireless fidelity,† however this is not the case. Wi-Fi is simply a trademarked term meaning IEEE 802.11x. The wi fi alliance, the organization that owns the Wi-Fi (registered trademark) term specifically defines Wi-Fi as any â€Å"wireless local area network (WLAN) products that are based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ (IEEE) 802.11 standards.† Initially, Wi-Fi was used in place of only the 2.4GHz 802.11B standard, however the wi fi alliance has expanded the generic use of the Wi-Fi term to include any type of network or WLAN product based on any of the802.11 standerds, including 802.11b,802.11a, dual band ,and so on,in an attempt to stop confusion about wireless LAN interoperability. How Wi-Fi Works? Wi-Fi works with no physical wired connection between sender and receiver by using radio frequency (RF) technology, a frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum associated with radio wave propagation. When an RF current is supplied to an antenna, an electromagnetic field is created that then is able to propagate through space. The cornerstone of any wireless network is an access point (AP)The primary job of an access point is to broadcast a wireless signal that computers can detect and â€Å"tune† into. In order to connect to an access point and join a wireless network, computers and devices must be equipped with wireless network adapters Wi-Fi Support? Wi-Fi is supported by many applications and divecesincludingvidio game consoles, home network, major operating system, and other types of consumer electronic .any products that are tested and approved as â€Å"Wi-Fi Certified† (a registered trademark) by the WI FI alliance are certified as interoperable with each other, even if they are from different manufacturers. For example, a user with a Wi-Fi Certified product can use any brand of acess point with any other brand of client hardware that also is also â€Å"Wi-Fi Certified†. Wi-Fi Alliance? The Wi-Fi Alliance is a trade association that promotes Wriless LAN technology and certifies products if they conform to certain standards of interoperability. Not every IEEE 802.11-compliant device is submitted for certification to the Wi-Fi Alliance, sometimes because of costs associated with the certification process. The lack of the Wi-Fi logo does not necessarily imply a device is incompatible with Wi-Fi devices. The Wi-Fi Alliance owns the Wi-Fi trademark. Manufacturers may use the trademark to brand certified products that belong to a class of wireless local area network (WLAN) devices based on the IEEE 802.11 standards. Advantages: †¢ Flexible if there is ad-hoc situation when additional workstation was required. †¢ Implementation cost is cheaper than wired network. †¢ Ideal for the non-reachable places such as across river or mountain or rural area. †¢ Ideal for temporary network setups. Disadvantages: †¢ Lower speed compared to wired network. (of course!) †¢ Less secure because hacker’s laptop can act as Access Point. If you connected to their laptop, they’ll read all your information (username, password.. bla..bla..bla..). †¢ More complex to configure than wired network. †¢ Affected by surrounding. E.g: walls (blocking), microwave oven (interference), far distance (attenuation)

A Case Study on Animal Testing Essay

Imagine a world where humans are taken to laboratories and tested on in a callous manner. A world where people are injected with harsh drugs and chemicals that physically and mentally harm their bodies and their life. If this scenario does not sound acceptable to act upon humans, then it surely cannot be right for animals. Right now in the world thousands of animals are experiencing this, and it most defiantly is not fair. Animal testing should be stopped because it is not only cruel, but unnecessary since there are alternative testing methods and animal rights. See more: Examples of satire in adventures of huckfinn essay The statistics of animal testing reflect the cruel and inhumane behavior that it exercises. Tests sometimes require thousands of animals and can last for one month or even an animal’s entire life. (Watson, 2009, Animal Testing p.32) The tests affect the animals in a brutal, harsh manner that could result in death. In fact 50% of all animals that are tested on end up dying. (â€Å"Pros and Cons of Animal Testing† 2013, para. 2) America is one of the countries that tests on animals most commonly. Government facilities in America that subject to animal testing are the Environmental Protection Agency, Food and Drug Administration, the Department of Transportation, National Toxicology Program, and the Department of Agriculture. But surprisingly these tests aren’t required by law in America. (Peta, â€Å"Animal Testing 101†, para. 3) Over 100 million animals suffer each year and $1 million is spent on experiments and equipment for testing. Animal testing uses 40 % of all research funding from the U.S. National Institute of Health. (Watson, 2009, Animal Testing p.9) It is necessary that the statistics of animal testing are revealed to those who have been misinformed or undereducated of the issue. The despicable methods of testing that are used presently have shown to be brutal and potent. The experiments involve the usage of rats, birds, guinea  pigs, cats, monkeys, goats, rabbits, fish, mice, and dogs. (â€Å"Vivisection†, 6th ed., p.1, 2013) The experiments are mainly for the purpose of cosmetics, medicine, household cleaners. A lethal poisoning test invented around the time of World War I—in which animals are force-fed increasing doses of a chemical until they die–is still the single most common animal test in use today. Examples of the drugs and chemicals that are used on the creatures are penicillin, morphine, and aspirin- all of which have the potential to kill the animals. The animals are burned, shocked, isolated, forcibly restrained, addicted to drugs, and receive brain damage. (Edwards, 2011, â€Å"Animal Testing†) The methods of testing are dermal penetration, eye irritancy, carcinogenicity. acute toxicity, reproductive and DEV toxicity, neurotoxity, skin corrosivity/irritation, ecotoxicity, and pyrogeniaty. (â€Å"Vivisection†, 6th ed., p.1, 2013) Also, the conditions in the laboratories are unsanitary and horrible for living. The animals are deprived of food and water, their waste is not kept after, and they are closely packed in small cages regardless of their state of health. The worst part is that the animals are given no pain killers of put under anesthesia, therefore they are forced to suffer for countless hours. This way of so-called â€Å"science† is extremely atrocious to the lives of animals, and needs to be stopped for good. The methods of animal testing that are generally used in America are unnecessary since there are alternative methods of testing. Richard Klausner, former head of the National Cancer Institute, once said, â€Å" We have cured mice of cancer for decades and it simply didn’t work in humans† (â€Å"Pros and Cons of Animal Testing† 2013, para. 5) Basically what Klausner is saying is that it is hard to fix humane issues by testing on animals. The results will usually come out as inaccurate or unreliable. The differences between a human body and an animal body are very distinct. There are animatic, metabolic, and cellular difference between the two. There are endless alternative options to replace the merciless environment of regular animal testing. Scientists can study cell cultures by using computer modeling, create artificial human skin, use â€Å"Vitro† testing, and even test on human volunteers! These new methods harm no living creatures and are becoming inc reasingly popular. (Peta, â€Å"Animal Testing 101†, para. 6) For example, the makers of botox have begun to run tests on cells in a lab dish instead of on live animals. Also, it was found that sunscreen can be tested on humans and brings results that are accurate 93% of the time. It is time to turn animal testing into a relic of the past, because better methods exist that are efficient. Lastly, animals deserve to live their lives free from suffering and exploitation. Animals’ rights are just as equal to the rights that humans possess. All animals have the ability to suffer in the same way and to the same degree that humans do. They feel pain, pleasure, fear, frustration, loneliness, and motherly love. Animals also show loyalty, and communicate with each other. (â€Å"Animal Rights Movement† 2001, Animal Rights section) Supporters of animal rights believe that animals have an inherent worth—a value completely separate from their usefulness to humans. Animals do not have a voice, so therefore, humans are their voice. Most animal rights activists stick to the idea that animals should be free to do as they please, which is not a hard task to accomplish. It is very easy to leave animals where they belong, and let them live their life naturally and without human interference. Animals should be as free as people to roam about and do their animal things unmolested and restrained by humans. So that is exactly what needs to be done. Humans need to understand that animals should have basic rights; the right to not be tortured, neglected or killed needlessly. Overall, animal testing can be described as plainly wrong. Animal testing should be stopped because it is not only cruel, but unnecessary since there are other testing options and animals have rights. Animals rarely serve as good models for the human body therefore animal experimenters are simply wasting the innocent lives of animals. The animals undergo poisoning, shocking, burning, and even death. These methods can be avoided because there are alternative options, so animal testing can be deemed as unneeded and inefficient. In conclusion, animal testing should be eliminated because it violates animals’ rights, it causes pain and suffering to the experimental animals, and other means of testing product toxicity are available.

A Historical Exploration Essay

In spite of the long existing disagreement regarding the very term, nature, and scope of modernism, it is still considered as one of the most significant artistic-cultural events of the twentieth century (Poplawski, 2003). This paper will provide a historical overview of early modernism focusing on the ideologies, influences, and a glimpse on works of the renowned modernists – both in literature and the arts – who lived between the periods of 1871-1914. Most importantly, this paper will explore on how early modernism managed to establish itself as a canonical category for artists and academicians alike, based on the critical articulations noted about the period. Early Modernism: 1871-1914 One of the most distinct characteristics of early modernism as a movement is its deliberate separation from the forms, structural designs, and traditions of the ancient times (Ricca, n. d. ). It is also characterized by its emphasis on details which refines the singularities of the artist as an individual. It promotes personal style that is anti-public and it is perceived to be inclined towards external formlessness. In literature, there were three styles that emerged: naturalism, decadent, and expressionism. Naturalism put emphasis on social issues being faced by common people, especially women. The writers of this movement tried to be objective in analyzing the modern society. Ricca (n. d. ) noted that in interpreting these social upheavals, the early modernists tried to explore on different elements such as simplicity, color and geometrical forms. The decadent style, on the other hand, eliminated the concept of materialism and scrutinized scientific revolution. It associated the bourgeois society with mediocrity. One good example of decadent writers is Oscar Wilde who expressed in his writings approaches to modern life. In relation to countering the impacts of capitalism and bourgeois community, expressionism attempted to illustrate new ways of artistic expression. The literary works of Franz Kafka are good examples of expressionism. He put into question the traditional concepts of reality and demonstrated the proofs that an individual in the modern age is being victimized by his environment beyond his control. Saler (1999) noted that aside from the movement’s association with stylistic innovations, early modernism includes a wide range of conceptions regarding nature and the purpose of art. All around the globe, modern art is in the state of constant change. The economic and political upheavals gave the artists the inspiration to seek new means of artistic expression and this resulted to a number of modern art movements. In the field of art, one example that can be noted is Umberto Boccioni’s Unique Forms of Continuity and Space. Boccioni was a well-known Futurist and he rejected the traditional concepts of the past and gave way to the new meanings of art through his artworks. Conclusion Modern art is usually perceived in the view of the modernists’ rejection of the conventional ideas and traditions of the past. Studies have shown that in order to understand well the true purpose of this movement, there is a greater need to look objectively into the social, political and historical influences that inspired early modernists. References: Early Modernism 1871-1914. Retrieved May 3, 2009, from www. class. uidaho. edu/engl210kt/Slides/Modernism%20to%20Postmodernism. ppt. Poplawski, P. (2003). Encyclopedia of Literary Modernism. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Ricca, K. (n. d. ) Early Modernism. Retrieved May 3, 2009, from gds. parkland. edu/gds/131online/presentations/EarlyModern. ppt Saler, M. T. (1999). The Avant-Garde in Interwar England: Medieval Modernism and the London Underground. New York: Oxford University Press.

Evaluate the Role of Individuals in Bringing About the Changing Influence of the Russian Communist Party, 1905-1945

In the period 1905 to 1945 there was three key individuals that caused significant change in the influence of the Russian Communist Party: Lenin, Stalin and the Tsar. The influence of the party came in two main forms, political and public, which all three leaders changed in different ways. The most important individual in bringing about the change in influence is Vladimir Lenin, who brought about a sudden sharp rise in the party’s popularity. Following the 1917 October Revolution, Lenin became the leader of the Communist Party and greatly increased the party’s political influence with his ‘one party state’. Lenin’s creation of the Politburo in 1919, which was a group of eight high profile party members who influenced any decision being made, demonstrates the party’s increased political influence by showing their domination of governmental bodies. Public support of the party is obvious in the increase of RCP membership, March 1919 to March 1920, from 250,000 to 612,000. This may have been due mainly to Lenin retaining his power through the 1918 civil war. In 1921, Lenin introduced his New Economic Policy, aimed at gaining peace with the peasant class, which resulted in the ending of armed resistance to the communists. This support increased the Russian Communist Party’s (RCP) public influence greatly, backed in rural areas as well as urban working class districts. Due to all these factors, Lenin is the most important individual in changing the influence of the Russian communist party between 1905 and 1945. However, Lenin’s contributions to the party would not of been possible if no for the actions Tsar Nicholas II. In 1905, the public support for the Tsarist regime was extremely low, in all classes and geographic locations, leading to a rapid expansion of the RSDLP (Russian Social Democratic Labor Party) and general strikes throughout; the Russian public began to search for other groups to replace the Tsarists. The Bolsheviks, aka the RSDLP, would later become the RCP and therefore this increase in membership, up to 150,000 in 1905, increased the general influence of the communist party. The decision of the Tsar to order his troops to fire upon peaceful protestors, at Bloody Sunday on 22nd January 1905, dramatically increased the popularity of the RCP and thus the public influence. Although not being the most important, Tsar Nicholas II was a key individual in bringing about the changing influence of the RCP, due to his actions acting as a springboard for Lenin. Following Lenin, Stalin played the biggest party in changing the party influence, both political and socially. During Stalin’s time in power, up to 1945, the influence of the party plummeted significantly, resulting in the RCP having no say in the country’s activities. Due to Stalin’s original ‘facade’ of communism, until reaching power, and his actions once dictator, the party lost the ideological influence of the public. The RCP was in fact fully in charge of the country, however the party was fully controlled by Stalin, thus undermining their influence; this is shown by the ‘Great Purge’ of 1937, where Stalin â€Å"cleaned out’ the party. Thus, during Stalin’s rule, contrary to the facade of power, both the political and social influence of the RCP plummeted to rock bottom. In conclusion, between 1905 and 1945, Lenin caused the greatest change in social influence, shown by bring the part to power with the support of the majority of the classes. Whereas Stalin brought about the biggest fluctuation of political influence for the RCP, from complete control down to no longer being charge of the country but being ‘servants’ for the dictator. However, none of this would have been possible without the role of Tsar Nicholas II, who ‘allowed’ the party to gain public support through his rash decisions. To conclude I believe the role of the individuals in bring about the changing influence of the Russian Communist Party, between 1905 and 1945, was extremely important, with Vladimir Lenin taking pole position.

Personal Trainer's Talents Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Trainer's Talents - Research Paper Example Personal training has different disciplines. Examples are; baby massage instructor, meditation, circuit training, rugby coach and many others. These disciplines of choice require different training facilities. The job outlook of a personal trainer has to it that there is a high probability that job opportunities will be quite conducive as from now to the coming years. Many people have decided to live healthier lifestyles due to different kinds of health problems. Hence, the need for personal trainers has become so adequate in many people’s lives. There has been a noted reduction of school physical education programs hence, personal trainers are needed to keep the physic of the children conditioned and make them live healthy lives. The salary of a personal trainer roughly ranges from a low of $26,000 to a high of $50,000 annually. This is not fixed as some personal trainers earn more. One’s level of education is also related to one’s pay. For example, a diploma holder will earn less compared to a degree holder. The place where one works will also affect one's salary. Franchise health clubs and universities offer the lowest pay estimated at $13 per hour which will rate about $26,000 annually, federal and state government $20 per hour which amounts to $40,000 annually. This includes working in prisons and parks. Private companies offer $25 per hour, which totals up to an estimated $50,000 annually. Lastly, private trainers happen to receive the highest pay of an estimated $50 per hour. This is achieved through working hard enough to get one's own client list. The skills needed for one to be a personal trainer include a good level of physical fitness, an outgoing personality, a good background in fitness activities and good communication skills. In terms of educational requirements, most employers prefer one who is a holder of a bachelor’s degree or certified. One is advised to register in a package that contains coursework in different areas, which are sports nutrition, first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), athletic performance and client fitness assessment. It is important for one to be certified after having completed the training program.

National Vocational Educational and Training Essay

National Vocational Educational and Training - Essay Example NVET seeks to reconcile the educational training needs f the individual, the employer and the economy in such a way as to increase the competitiveness f organisations and British Industry as a whole, while at the same time ensuring that individuals can develop in ways that will enable them to lead meaningful and satisfying lives. Harrison, R. (1992).cited in Walton, J. (1999) p75. Methods f training and educating employees had been in existence in some form or other since medieval times. In certain industries such as engineering and printing apprenticeships had long been established. Although the education act f 1944 required employers to release young employees to attend 'further education and liberal studies' classes in 'county colleges', it wasn't until the nineteen sixties that national training and learning initiatives came into existence. Reid et al. (2004)Up to this point many organisations were still rigid in structure and ruled by bureaucracy as fathered by Weber, (1947) and followed the principles f Taylor (from Morgan.1997) where workers were deskilled for efficiency and hierarchic managers held a position f superiority and knowledge held by them was never shared as this knowledge was power. The middle years f the twentieth century saw theories from Maslow (1943) who defined a 'hierarchy f needs' for individuals in the work place and McGregor (1960 ) who contrasted management styles and categorised them into 'X and Y' theories, X being akin to Taylor's scientific management principles and his Y theory proposing that managers understood that workers wanted to contribute to the organisations objectives. Work now involved tasks being challenging and meaningful for the worker and the term 'job enrichment ' now existed as stated by Herzber,g et al. (1959). The later part f the century was subject to relentless change. Kolb, (1974, 1984) introduced a theory that managers should be naturally learned 'by experience' and described a four stage sequential process for learning at work without a teacher or trainer. In industry new products and processes emerged, especially regarding information technology and the advent f the internet. Organisations grew in stature and now had mission statements, corporate objectives and medium term plans which would include personnel issues. This era saw organisations introduce systems which were open to their environment and socio-technical systems, Trist (1981) a theory that proposed that a key task for managers was to understand changing relationships between people, tasks, technology and structure. Consultation now existed with the workforce and participation became respectable. Government agencies such as the 'Manpower Services Commission' the 'Training Services Agency' and Youth Training Schemes all

NUTRITION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

NUTRITION - Essay Example Proper education and handling of food is very important. Individuals can properly educate themselves on safe food handling by researching websites, news articles and magazines. One can start off on becoming educated with food and proper nutrition by recognizing common safety issues. Common food safety issue knowledge can prevent many illnesses. To start, it’s important to identify food storage and how proper food storage can prevent illness. Storing food requires most foods to be stored at a certain temperature in a sealed container. The USDA, requires that food be stored frozen at a zero degree temperature in order to remain safe. (USDA 2011) Keeping food covered while in refrigerators and important to prevent cross contamination in foods. The purchasing of food is something that needs to be addressed to keep those purchasing the food properly informed what is safe and what is not. As stated earlier, food needs to be stored properly. This is important for packagers and seller s. The buyer needs to be aware of how the foods have been stored. Being aware of how foods are stored is practicing good food safety. When shopping for food, one needs to look at the way the food is stored, the packaging and the date of the food. Meat and eggs are two of the most important foods that need to be stored properly and prepared for sale. ... An article by really natural, explains, â€Å"Buyers shouldn’t be fooled into buying really red meat†. (Really Natural 2006) It is important to focus on date as well as color. These issues associated with food can easily be avoided. Food contamination can be avoided by proper storage, cooking, and purchasing. Storage is important but cooking foods and preparing them for consumption needs to be perfect. Every meat must be cooked to a certain temperature in order for bacteria’s and viruses that could be in the meats to be killed. Cooking to the proper temperature can be achieved by using a meat thermometer. More information can be found on proper food temperatures by viewing the USDA website. Another good source for proper food cooking temperatures is www.isitdoneyet.gov. This website gives all the proper education regarding food cooking temperatures. When dealing with nutrition and the researching of information it is critical that the information is credible. Cre dible information can be found on websites that are from government agencies or universities. If information is from a secondary source, it is important to check the sources of the secondary source. This is why it’s better to stick with government websites as they are the most credible. As one can see, food-bourne illnesses and other food problems can be completely avoided. These illnesses can be avoided through proper storage, handling, purchasing and cooking. Individuals need to constantly remain educated on what to do and not to do regarding food. Seeking credible sources is key and making sure others in the household are educated as well. Don’t be afraid to challenge grocery stores and ask question regarding purchased food. They might be

Nike Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nike - Essay Example loyed wherein the market would be segmented on the basis of the ‘benefits’ sought by the customers and the ‘user status.’ This method of segmentation would provide ‘athletes’ and ‘women involved in fitness exercises’ (say yoga) as two potential market segments. In addition to the aforesaid consumer segments, we can target the various athletic training centers and sports clubs for the new Nike shoe as business customers. We will convince the management of such centers and clubs about the superiority and functionality of the new Nike shoe so that we can sell in bulk to these centers. These institutions will serve as a lucrative B2B market for the new brand. Mass marketing refers to offering the product to the entire market without taking into consideration the differing needs of the customers. Multi-segment strategy refers to offering the same product in more than one segment. We will not adopt the mass marketing or multi-segment strategy for the new Nike shoe but would go ahead with a concentrated strategy when the product is launched. We have decided to target athletes from amongst the possible consumer market segments discussed above. The new shoe from Nike would be of great use to athletes as these shoes are extremely light and do not, in any way, compromise on durability and stability. To begin with, we will go ahead with the B2C model and make the shoe available at exclusive Nike stores as well as through the online store. In addition to this, we will use the selective distribution strategy and make the shoe available at few select multi-brand stores as well. The consumer of the Nike shoe will pass through four distinct stages; Attention, Interest, Desire and Action (referred to as the AIDA Model). The buying process of the consumer begins with need identification. The consumer feels a state of deprivation and feels that he needs a certain product to get rid of the state of deprivation. In other words, the consumer needs a product to satisfy

Behavioural Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Behavioural Finance - Essay Example In some mathematical conditions, this differential equation can be integrated to solve it as indifference curve through x which is called integrability problem (Newman, 1995). 6) Georgescu-Roegen proved that if we consider two goods where differential equation defining an indifferent element is always integrable, it is essential to consider that indifference is transitive relation that denotes that integral curves are indifferent curves. Georgecu proved that transitivity condition guarantees integrable differential equations in all dimensions. Therefore, integrability conditions are unnecessary. In economic terms, integral curves are meaningless unless Axiom I and II are adopted (Newman, 1995). (8, 9) By following Sauelsons techniques, Herman Wold claimed that demand-function approach is rationally equal to the ordinal preference approach. He asserted that Houthakkers theorem is same as his method of proof. However, an analysis of Wolds proof revealed his implicit assumption that his revealed preference is a transitive relation. Wold proved his point by using certain assumptions of perfect competition; however, it is impossible to do because Wold didnt define indifference (Newman, 1995). (10) Wolds integrability assumptions are obsolete because existence of a convex boundary curve comes from this implicit assumption of the transitivity of preference not from explicit assumptions of integrability. (11) Ville deduced the existence of a utility function through excellent analytic evidence. A reasonable interpretation of his axiom can lead to a relation that brings a complete weak ordering on the commodity space. However, his criterion for consumer as "worse off" is insufficient (Newman, 1995). (12) Integrability problem suddenly appears when commodity space has three goods while transitivity problem arises when three situations are considered. Therefore, it arises even when there is two-goods case. Littles treatment assumes

Current Market Conditions Analysis competitive Analysis Essay

Current Market Conditions Analysis competitive Analysis - Essay Example The relationship between the amount of labour and capital employed with regards to the law of diminishing productivity helps management in various ways. The management can be able to alter levels of various inputs in a bid to adjust productivity usually upwards. The main issue that faces management can be deciding what the best level of input is to maximize profit as opposed to maximizing production. As firms vary the number of workers in a bid to vary labour, the addition of more workers strains the small work space and tools. This ultimately leads to down slope in the marginal product of labour. Since land and Capital are the only fixed factors of production, labour would be the only factor varied here. The most substantial effects of the diminishing marginal returns for a company can be its effect on the cost of production. Productivity of labour gets determined by the variable cost of labour. When productivity of a worker goes up the cost of production goes down but when a firm goes through diminishing marginal returns, the productivity goes down. The cost of extra units also begins to raise this, therefore, results in low profits. (Becker 2007) Although making profit may be the key goal for many firms, finding the best way to maximize profits without altering so many inputs in production can be important. Analyzing the best mix of the factors of production varying labour will eventually lead to maximum profits and opportunities for firms. Analyzing primary competitors’ production strategies can also help in evaluating the best way to handle

Reflections on World's Leadership Research Paper - 3

Reflections on World's Leadership - Research Paper Example Prince Alwaleed bin Talal best known as one of the world's value investor. â€Å"Alwaleed’s Kingdom Holding Company, where he posses at least 95%, trading on the famous Saudi stock exchange, in addition he owns stakes in several hotel management companies the famous four Seasons Hotels & Resorts, moreover he has a stake in Savoy Hotel in London† (Lazaridis, 211). â€Å"Kingdom investment has billions of dollars of the U.S. and international equities, as well as shares of News Corp and Citigroup† (Myers, 21). â€Å"During the year 2012 he and the Kingdom investment purchased an approximated 3% stake in the social media Twitter through the secondary market for whopping $400 million. The same year February, Kingdom investments invested around $136 million in fast growing Chinese e-commerce company. In addition to other known investment he Prince posses far-reaching real estate plus other assets exterior of the Kingdom Holding† (Khan, 65). He is perhaps well i dentified internationally as the controlling shareholder of the Kingdom Holdings Company and the chairman, of the world’s most significant investment company. All through Middle East he is renowned as the proprietor of the Rotana, which is the Arab world’s largest leisure company. ... ifically directed towards supporting global cultural understanding, community development projects in Saudi Arabia, all around the world and Lebanon, women empowerment and disaster recovery. Key leadership qualities which drives me into considering him as a good leader in business According to (McGreevy, 209), â€Å"An Interview with HRH, Prince says that A successful businessman has to have an ultimate plan and a well stated objectives, in conjunction to a well defined mission statement†, he goes ahead to say that the leader has to have an audacity to make decisions which most of the time might not be emulated by others in the short run. He goes ahead to say that as a leader and sometimes he made decisions which are may not be appreciated by both young managers and the community. â€Å"Nevertheless, he just has to remain a one-man show. He established these traits at KHC sometimes back† (Myers, 21). Key Leadership Traits That Makes Prince To Stand Out As A Good Leader Has a clear vision; old adage "either stand something, or you might fall for everything." ( Sweeny, 79). Prince practically stood firm when it come to the implementation of the company's policies and procedures. More over as a leader, he has a clear way to communicate his vision and the company’s vision to the people such as his employees. Have passion in his word. He realized that his employees wanted passion; and that his employee would even go to the ends of earth as a result of it, die and live. He also realized that his passion inspired others to conquer new and dangerous challenges. â€Å"Great decision maker. He clearly understood his process for decision making. Take for example he talked to his management team† (McGreevy, 209). In addition to conducting a cost analysis. â€Å"He went ahead to even

Use and Develop Systems That Promote Communication Essay Example for Free

Use and Develop Systems That Promote Communication Essay 1.1 Review the range of groups and individuals whose communication needs must be addressed in own job role â€Å"Developing excellent communication skills is absolutely essential to effective leadership. The leader must be able to share knowledge and ideas to transmit a sense of urgency and enthusiasm to others. If a leader cant get a message across clearly and motivate others to act on it, then having a message doesnt even matter. — Gilbert Amelio President and CEO of National Semiconductor Corp. The above statement makes a huge impact, and in the role as manager this is so true. Communication both professionally and personally starts with considerate, open and honest foundations. My team includes over 50 staff members without including the many visitors, and members of the multidisciplinary team. Everyone is different and should be treated individually; you learn very quickly people’s individual communication styles. You are dealing with a wide range of personalities and abilities and your own communication style has to deliver to a diverse group with differing skill sets, and communication abilities. My level of communication within my job role is of extreme importance with regards to the client who should be at the heart of all communication around any establishment or company. Dealing with people with hearing impairments, disabilities, cerebral palsy to name a few, it is essential my communication is clear and not lengthy. Effective communication is what enables all the different departments to work well within the organization including liaising with external agencies and individuals such as the CQC, Social Services, Continuing Health Care, Hospices and health professionals. It is also essential that whatever the form of communication, be it written, electronic, organizational, promotional, verbal, non-verbal, confidentiality is maintained. Read more: Use and Develop Systems That Promote Communication As a manager in a care centre the groups and individuals I work with are varied and can range from clients with disabilities that effect many senses from hearing loss to those with sight loss or impairment. Plus the different members of the multi disciplinary team. Clients who are profoundly deaf may have the ability to sign or those with partial loss all need support to ensure they can be understood and they can communicate to the best of their ability. Key statistics state from Access Economics states that over two million people in the UK are living with sight loss and as we age we are increasingly likely to experience sight loss. Projected statistics of Dementia show there will be over one million people by 2021 and this effects peoples short and sometimes long term memory, speech, orientation, and general well being. We have clients that are borderline and able to stay with us because we can meet their needs. Dementia training is undertaking by all staff to increase the awareness and ability of everyone within the centre to support these individuals. Also in my care I have individuals with Parkinson’s, clients with Multiple Sclerosis, so it is a broad, challenging and extremely rewarding position when you see things ultimately manifest into cohesive functionality. 1.2 Explain how to support effective communication within own job role Within my role this is done by establishing the appropriate level of support and my role is to empower and promote the individuals rights. One of my observations during my time at work on the following criteria with relevant evidence as feedback from my assessor involved running a meeting with staff from all departments. Everyone has the right to communicate in which ever way is better for them and this is highlighted under the Human Rights Act 1998 which points out the freedom of expression and everyone should having the right to communicate. It is also part of my responsibility to see that the needs and preferences are assessed correctly and a benchmark can be established so we can see what level of support is required. This is done through completing documentation and making thorough assessments and continual monitoring. Any alterations are recorded and reviews and changes are highlighted to the team. There are always key elements to assessments and reviews, including the family and friends. Everyone has a responsibility to support individuals and bearing in mind ‘need to know’ information. The aim being able to achieve the highest goal to maintain effective open channels for everyone. In my role partnerships with: †¢ Family and friends †¢ Care Staff †¢ GP’s †¢ Nutritionalists †¢ Speech Therapists †¢ Social Workers †¢ Physiotherapists †¢ Consultants †¢ Other Nursing Home Managers †¢ Central Office All the above are people I may work with in order to gain information, which supports me in my role in making the best decisions and judgments’. Everyone needs educating and supporting including myself when looking at the individuals preferred method of communication, and everyone in the above list can give valid input in assessing for example swallowing by the speech therapists. This can include communication with the RN, GP for referral, to speaking with the catering chef and carers. By doing this with effective communication and documenting accurately we can ensure that everyone’s input is maximized and as well as being written and passed on verbally it is put into practice. This results in the clients personalized care needs being met fully and that best practice is recognized and understood by all individuals. Best Practice may require looking at staff training and that as a centre we have access to any specialist information, which may be through central office or outside sources. Training underpins knowledge and is the cornerstone to maintaining exceptional standards. 1.3 Analyse the barriers and challenges to communication within own job role. We hear it said ad ver batum, effective open honest communication is fundamental like breathing. It is a skill and when people communicate well it is a reflection of how smoothly things operate. Communicating in an appropriate and Communication is key. Appropriate, open, honest, practical, down to earth and accurate are words which can be associated with effective communication. There are barriers and challenges, which we will look at. A barrier is something which blocks and there can be many in the realms of communication. Anything that interrupts the flow. One thing can be the language used. Eradicating abbreviations, and avoiding corporate or professional jargon makes everything simpler. Physical Barriers: Possibly the environment, such as loud tvs can have a distracting effect. Temperature, lighting and how people are located, either close to each other. People may be in different locations as we have with central office. Failure of management to cascade information. Failure of technological equipment. Physiological/Emotional Barriers: Personal difficulties can effect concentration, clients with lack of understanding, or memory loss due to their condition. This could also include poor eyesight or hearing difficulties Poor Understanding and language differences: Different nationalities and cultural differences, understanding accents and sayings can be amusing or an ambiguity of words and meanings but again a barrier for everyone. Misinterpretation of body language could have an impact. Attitudes within an organization: This can be because of poor management, weak leadership. People refusing to communicate if they feel a lack of motivation or unhappy with work. General resistance to change can be another factor and lack of understanding about a subject or material. Is the content difficult an complex to understand. Values and Beliefs: Everyones values and beliefs can create underlying barriers often without people realizing which results in different responses to how something is dealt with. Use of Power, Corporate Bullying and Aggressiveness: These can lead to potential barriers because people do not function naturally or work to the best of their abilty Any of the above can result in the failure of communication or in a result, which was not wanted. The audience has to be considered and ultimately it is my role to act immediately to ensure barriers are overcome. 1.4 Implement a strategy to overcome communication barriers By assessing the situation, and implementing a plan initially we can quickly establish what needs to be done. By doing this we can see any barriers, which may arise. When dealing with a client a plan of care will identify the problems and what they would like to achieve. By working with everyone within the multidisciplinary team appropriate assessments with Speech Therapists for example can arrange the necessary aids, training if necessary for staff to understand food consistencies, how the client is to be seated and that they are mindful of the clients needs. Working with all professionals, interpreters, audiologists, GP’s etc, as a manager ensuring staff are adequately trained in all areas and mandatory training is up to date can eradicate many issues. 1.5 Use different means of communication to meet different needs Verbal, non verbal signing, signage, flip charts, pictures, Ipads, audio books, hearing aids, hearing loops, telephone amplifiers. Just a few of the many different ways we use to communicate within the care centre and not forgetting touch. A small gesture such as touch can go a long way and make a huge impression. Verbally I have communications with many people from the clients, staff, families, G.P’s etc and I have used an interpreter and translator for an Italian lady who was being assessed. Some research say the level of non verbal communication is as high as 80 %. There is so much we communicate through our body language, and we show how much we are engaged in communication by showing interest through our expressions. Flip charts and with new smaller technology such as IPads are a fantastic way to assist clients. Obviously hearing aids, and even the smart phones are voice activated and we have one client who loves the voice aid on the Iphone. We can see that we have a huge range and different ways of communicating. Essentially communication comes down to each individuals understanding and how we can best achieve that and making it personalized to each client.

Women’s Experiences in the Military Essay Example for Free

Women’s Experiences in the Military Essay Women suffered a lot during the wars. Many were reported to have been physically tortured, for instance, they were hit with mortar rounds; making the whole building to shake. They spent nights out in the cold and the sleeping conditions were horrible. Some became paralyzed and lay on the ground for hours before receiving help. They fought for their lives on without protection since men were also in the fields. If women were discovered to be in possession of valuable positions such as diamond, it was taken away from them. (Taylor, p367) There were incidents when women came out of their homes to provide assistance if they saw their dwellings being set on fire. The women did not care about their personal safety and neither did they worry that their lives could end any time. They put their lives on line to save their people and families. For instance, they died from serious injuries and smoke from burning houses, falling debris and flames. (Chen, p389) There were women who provided assistance in saving or rescuing other children and adults who were caught up in burning structures. They did this without protective clothing and shoes. They kept on entering and re-entering the buildings in order to vacate their children to safety. Women continuously assisted the residents in Vietnam to relocate their personal properties as well as livestock. By this time there were no fire fighting equipment and personnel assistance. This reflected courage commitment and self-sacrifice on Vietnamese women. (Insun, p366) Their experiences made them emerge as heroes and they were awarded medals. However, their naivety did not make them realize that they deserved the medals. Coupled with that they were very young and hence had not received enough exposure. They could not make sense out of the problems they were having. (Insun, p254) During those times of war, despite women’s involvement in the military, they were still nursing young children at homes. They had to strike a balance between the time spent at the military and the time spent with their families. Their children were affected by diseases, while growing up. Women said that things appeared perfectly normal at birth of their children but as soon as they become toddlers something always went wrong. Mothers gave birth to children with cancer, especially of the kidney and other types of tumor, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder), teeth and bone deformities as well as fainting spells. Other children displayed symptoms of Grand Mal Epilepsy. Most of the conditions which affected these children were made worse by the negative effects of war. The health of the children was seriously affected. At night, women experienced mass attack which affected the entire corner within Long Binh. They had mortar attack which landed on their homes and killed some of them. At his time, all they had were prayers. (Taylor, p567) They prayed a lot when all failed. At around 1968, the military intelligence received a document which stated they were giving away approximately twenty five thousand dollars for every female who was a white American. The government gave women life insurance. The insurance was worth only ten thousand dollars. This was too little and they actually laughed at it because they were definitely worth much more. (Woodside, p56) The women most of the time ignored the problems that they had with men because they did not want those problems to take toll on their lives. Some other challenges that women faced were lack of audience. They had grievances amongst themselves and despite their efforts to air them, nobody could listen to them. The communications department was not effective and there was no order of the events taking place. In addition, the communication channels were not properly defined. They were random and did not consider the urgency of the information. (Insun, p89) The policies of children adopting were changed, and this affected parenting and especially women who were not able to give quality life to their children. The situation affected them psychologically and some women became hostile to the new policies. The children suffered emotional and psychological torture due to lack of parental love. The bonds that tied a child and his mother were no longer there. (Insun, p67)